%PDF-1.4 % 1 0 obj << /Title (G:\\Ch103\\Handouts\\StrongWeakAcids.PDF) /Author (Robert L. Carter) /Creator (G:\\Ch103\\Handouts\\StrongWeakAcids.wpd) /ModDate (D:20100902160911-04'00') /Producer (PDF-XChange Viewer [Version: 2.0 \(Build 52.0\) \(Jun 7 2010; 19:37:04\)]) /CreationDate (D:20000711074020) >> endobj 2 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 3 0 R /Metadata 4 0 R /DefaultRGB 5 0 R /DefaultGray 6 0 R >> endobj 3 0 obj << /Kids [7 0 R] /Type /Pages /Count 1 /MediaBox [0 0 612 792] >> endobj 4 0 obj << /Type /Metadata /Length 3160 /Subtype /XML >> stream 2000-07-11T03:40:20-04:00 G:\Ch103\Handouts\StrongWeakAcids.wpd 2010-09-02T16:09:11-04:00 application/pdf G:\Ch103\Handouts\StrongWeakAcids.PDF Robert L. Carter PDF-XChange Viewer [Version: 2.0 (Build 52.0) (Jun 7 2010; 19:37:04)] endstream endobj 5 0 obj [/CalRGB << /Gamma [1.9 1.9 1.9] /Matrix [0.511 0.2903 0.0273 0.3264 0.6499 0.1279 0.1268 0.0598 0.6699] /WhitePoint [0.9643 1 0.8251] >>] endobj 6 0 obj [/CalGray << /Gamma 1.9 /WhitePoint [0.9643 1 0.8251] >>] endobj 7 0 obj << /Type /Page /Annots [8 0 R] /Parent 3 0 R /Contents 9 0 R /Resources << /Font << /F0 10 0 R /F1 11 0 R >> /ProcSet 12 0 R >> >> endobj 8 0 obj << /F 4 /M (D:20100902160424-04'00') /P 7 0 R /T (DLSUser) /AP << /N null >> /BS << /W 0 >> /DA (1.000 0.000 0.000 rg) /IT /FreeTextTypewriter /LE /None /NM (8334240e-df8c-4bbf-96db8ccd29ea642e) /RC (

Copyright ©2010 Robert L. Carter, Ph.D.

) /RD [0 0 0 0] /Rect [329.4 3 612 16.59375] /Subj (Typewriter) /Subtype /FreeText /Contents (Copyright 2010 Robert L. Carter, Ph.D.) /CreationDate (D:20100902160413-04'00') >> endobj 9 0 obj << /Length 6006 >> stream 0 0 0 rg 52.08 51.96 2.04 687.96 re f 52.08 737.88 507.96 2.04 re f 558.12 51.96 2.04 687.96 re f 52.08 51.84 507.96 2.04 re f 0.502 0.502 0.502 rg 559.92 46.56 5.52 688.08 re f 57.36 46.56 508.08 5.52 re f BT 0.9995 0 0 0.9995 216.6 708.96 Tm 0 0 0 rg /F0 12 Tf 0.0135 Tc -0.0376 Tw (Strong and Weak Acids and Bases) Tj -144.6794 -28.0954 TD /F1 12 Tf -0 Tc 0 Tw (1.) Tj 27.0148 0 TD 0.0048 Tc -0.0289 Tw (The following common acids are strong: HCl, HBr, HI, HNO) Tj ET BT 1.0281 0 0 1.0281 389.88 678.24 Tm /F1 7 Tf 0.0258 Tc 0 Tw (3) Tj ET BT 0.9995 0 0 0.9995 393.6 680.88 Tm /F1 12 Tf -0.0051 Tc -0.019 Tw (, HClO) Tj ET BT 1.0281 0 0 1.0281 424.44 678.24 Tm /F1 7 Tf 0.0258 Tc 0 Tw (4) Tj ET BT 0.9995 0 0 0.9995 428.16 680.88 Tm /F1 12 Tf 0.0057 Tc -0.0299 Tw (, H) Tj ET BT 1.0281 0 0 1.0281 441 678.24 Tm /F1 7 Tf 0.0258 Tc 0 Tw (2) Tj ET BT 0.9995 0 0 0.9995 444.72 680.88 Tm /F1 12 Tf -0.0124 Tc (SO) Tj ET BT 1.0281 0 0 1.0281 458.88 678.24 Tm /F1 7 Tf 0.0258 Tc (4) Tj ET BT 0.9995 0 0 0.9995 99 652.8 Tm /F1 12 Tf 0.0031 Tc -0.0273 Tw (The following are some less common acids that are also strong: HClO) Tj ET BT 1.0281 0 0 1.0281 441.96 650.16 Tm /F1 7 Tf 0.0258 Tc 0 Tw (3) Tj ET BT 0.9995 0 0 0.9995 445.68 652.8 Tm /F1 12 Tf 0.0068 Tc -0.031 Tw (, HBrO) Tj ET BT 1.0281 0 0 1.0281 477.24 650.16 Tm /F1 7 Tf 0.0258 Tc 0 Tw (3) Tj ET BT 0.9995 0 0 0.9995 480.96 652.8 Tm /F1 12 Tf 0.0087 Tc -0.0329 Tw (, HIO) Tj ET BT 1.0281 0 0 1.0281 504.96 650.16 Tm /F1 7 Tf 0.0258 Tc 0 Tw (3) Tj ET BT 0.9995 0 0 0.9995 508.68 652.8 Tm /F1 12 Tf 0.0359 Tc (,) Tj -409.905 -14.0477 TD -0.0245 Tc (H) Tj ET BT 1.0281 0 0 1.0281 106.8 636.12 Tm /F1 7 Tf 0.0258 Tc (2) Tj ET BT 0.9995 0 0 0.9995 110.52 638.76 Tm /F1 12 Tf -0.0124 Tc (SeO) Tj ET BT 1.0281 0 0 1.0281 130.68 636.12 Tm /F1 7 Tf 0.0258 Tc (4) Tj ET BT 0.9995 0 0 0.9995 99 610.68 Tm /F1 12 Tf 0.0015 Tc -0.0257 Tw (Assume all other acids are weak unless told otherwise.) Tj 0 -28.0954 TD -0.001 Tc -0.0232 Tw (Some weak acids: HF, HNO) Tj ET BT 1.0281 0 0 1.0281 231.96 579.96 Tm /F1 7 Tf 0.0258 Tc 0 Tw (2) Tj ET BT 0.9995 0 0 0.9995 235.68 582.6 Tm /F1 12 Tf -0.0051 Tc -0.019 Tw (, HClO) Tj ET BT 1.0281 0 0 1.0281 266.52 579.96 Tm /F1 7 Tf 0.0258 Tc 0 Tw (2) Tj ET BT 0.9995 0 0 0.9995 270.24 582.6 Tm /F1 12 Tf -0.0123 Tc -0.0119 Tw (, [H) Tj ET BT 1.0281 0 0 1.0281 286.44 579.96 Tm /F1 7 Tf 0.0258 Tc 0 Tw (2) Tj ET BT 0.9995 0 0 0.9995 290.16 582.6 Tm /F1 12 Tf -0.0124 Tc (SO) Tj ET BT 1.0281 0 0 1.0281 304.32 579.96 Tm /F1 7 Tf 0.0258 Tc (3) Tj ET BT 0.9995 0 0 0.9995 308.04 582.6 Tm /F1 12 Tf -0.0064 Tc -0.0178 Tw (] = SO) Tj ET BT 1.0281 0 0 1.0281 337.8 579.96 Tm /F1 7 Tf 0.0258 Tc 0 Tw (2) Tj ET BT 0.9995 0 0 0.9995 341.52 582.6 Tm /F1 12 Tf 0.0115 Tc -0.0357 Tw ( + H) Tj ET BT 1.0281 0 0 1.0281 361.56 579.96 Tm /F1 7 Tf 0.0258 Tc 0 Tw (2) Tj ET BT 0.9995 0 0 0.9995 365.28 582.6 Tm /F1 12 Tf 0.0056 Tc -0.0298 Tw (O, HC) Tj ET BT 1.0281 0 0 1.0281 393.36 579.96 Tm /F1 7 Tf 0.0258 Tc 0 Tw (2) Tj ET BT 0.9995 0 0 0.9995 397.08 582.6 Tm /F1 12 Tf -0.0245 Tc (H) Tj ET BT 1.0281 0 0 1.0281 404.88 579.96 Tm /F1 7 Tf 0.0258 Tc (3) Tj ET BT 0.9995 0 0 0.9995 408.6 582.6 Tm /F1 12 Tf 0.0115 Tc (O) Tj ET BT 1.0281 0 0 1.0281 416.88 579.96 Tm /F1 7 Tf 0.0258 Tc (2) Tj ET BT 0.9995 0 0 0.9995 420.6 582.6 Tm /F1 12 Tf 0.0068 Tc -0.0309 Tw ( = HOAc) Tj -348.7915 -28.0954 TD -0 Tc 0 Tw (2.) Tj 27.0148 0 TD 0.0016 Tc -0.0257 Tw (All ionic hydroxides are strong bases, regardless of solubility. Bases that do not contain) Tj 0 -14.0477 TD -0.0065 Tc 0 Tw (OH) Tj ET BT 1.0281 0 0 1.0281 115.08 545.52 Tm /F1 7 Tf 0 Tc (\226) Tj ET BT 0.9995 0 0 0.9995 118.68 540.48 Tm /F1 12 Tf 0.0072 Tc -0.0313 Tw ( are weak.) Tj -19.6908 -28.0954 TD 0.0028 Tc -0.0269 Tw (Some strong bases: LiOH, NaOH, KOH, RbOH, CsOH, Mg\(OH\)) Tj ET BT 1.0281 0 0 1.0281 396.84 509.76 Tm /F1 7 Tf 0.0258 Tc 0 Tw (2) Tj ET BT 0.9995 0 0 0.9995 400.56 512.4 Tm /F1 12 Tf -0.0141 Tc -0.0101 Tw (, Ca\(OH\)) Tj ET BT 1.0281 0 0 1.0281 441.12 509.76 Tm /F1 7 Tf 0.0258 Tc 0 Tw (2) Tj ET BT 0.9995 0 0 0.9995 444.84 512.4 Tm /F1 12 Tf -0.0106 Tc -0.0136 Tw (, Sr\(OH\)) Tj ET BT 1.0281 0 0 1.0281 482.52 509.76 Tm /F1 7 Tf 0.0258 Tc 0 Tw (2) Tj ET BT 0.9995 0 0 0.9995 486.24 512.4 Tm /F1 12 Tf -0.0175 Tc -0.0067 Tw (, Ba\(OH\)) Tj ET BT 1.0281 0 0 1.0281 526.32 509.76 Tm /F1 7 Tf 0.0258 Tc 0 Tw (2) Tj ET BT 0.9995 0 0 0.9995 99 484.32 Tm /F1 12 Tf 0.0026 Tc -0.0268 Tw (Some weak bases: NH) Tj ET BT 1.0281 0 0 1.0281 207.72 481.68 Tm /F1 7 Tf 0.0258 Tc 0 Tw (3) Tj ET BT 0.9995 0 0 0.9995 211.44 484.32 Tm /F1 12 Tf 0.0037 Tc -0.0278 Tw (, CH) Tj ET BT 1.0281 0 0 1.0281 231.24 481.68 Tm /F1 7 Tf 0.0258 Tc 0 Tw (3) Tj ET BT 0.9995 0 0 0.9995 234.96 484.32 Tm /F1 12 Tf -0 Tc (NH) Tj ET BT 1.0281 0 0 1.0281 250.68 481.68 Tm /F1 7 Tf 0.0258 Tc (2) Tj ET BT 0.9995 0 0 0.9995 254.4 484.32 Tm /F1 12 Tf 0.0177 Tc -0.0419 Tw (, C) Tj ET BT 1.0281 0 0 1.0281 266.4 481.68 Tm /F1 7 Tf 0.0258 Tc 0 Tw (2) Tj ET BT 0.9995 0 0 0.9995 270.12 484.32 Tm /F1 12 Tf -0.0245 Tc (H) Tj ET BT 1.0281 0 0 1.0281 277.92 481.68 Tm /F1 7 Tf 0.0258 Tc (5) Tj ET BT 0.9995 0 0 0.9995 281.64 484.32 Tm /F1 12 Tf -0 Tc (NH) Tj ET BT 1.0281 0 0 1.0281 297.36 481.68 Tm /F1 7 Tf 0.0258 Tc (2) Tj ET BT 0.9995 0 0 0.9995 99 456.24 Tm /F1 12 Tf 0.0029 Tc -0.0271 Tw (Not a base: CH) Tj ET BT 1.0281 0 0 1.0281 171.48 453.6 Tm /F1 7 Tf 0.0258 Tc 0 Tw (3) Tj ET BT 0.9995 0 0 0.9995 175.2 456.24 Tm /F1 12 Tf 0.0056 Tc -0.0298 Tw (OH, C) Tj ET BT 1.0281 0 0 1.0281 203.28 453.6 Tm /F1 7 Tf 0.0258 Tc 0 Tw (2) Tj ET BT 0.9995 0 0 0.9995 207 456.24 Tm /F1 12 Tf -0.0245 Tc (H) Tj ET BT 1.0281 0 0 1.0281 214.8 453.6 Tm /F1 7 Tf 0.0258 Tc (5) Tj ET BT 0.9995 0 0 0.9995 218.52 456.24 Tm /F1 12 Tf -0.0065 Tc (OH) Tj ET endstream endobj 10 0 obj << /Name /F0 /Type /Font /Widths [202 268 397 550 555 880 678 205 314 314 454 596 260 322 260 331 555 555 555 555 555 555 555 555 555 555 260 260 596 596 596 445 770 656 604 595 696 534 527 682 689 285 411 614 511 846 690 717 581 717 593 540 548 682 636 888 613 603 577 314 342 314 596 500 300 528 598 451 596 528 341 585 586 274 291 542 274 860 586 577 598 595 380 434 367 583 530 759 519 523 469 314 283 314 596 338 338 338 260 555 459 1000 524 524 300 1285 540 270 936 338 338 338 338 260 260 454 454 338 500 1000 300 867 434 270 868 338 338 603 202 268 555 555 555 555 283 561 300 677 378 465 596 322 510 300 356 596 376 373 300 583 542 260 300 367 386 465 831 831 831 445 656 656 656 656 656 656 868 597 534 534 534 534 285 285 285 285 704 690 717 717 717 717 717 596 717 682 682 682 682 603 580 600 528 528 528 528 528 528 803 451 528 528 528 528 274 274 274 274 574 586 577 577 577 577 577 596 577 583 583 583 583 523 598 523] /Subtype /Type1 /BaseFont /FNBDLG+Myriad-Bold /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /LastChar 255 /FirstChar 32 /FontDescriptor 13 0 R >> endobj 11 0 obj << /Name /F1 /Type /Font /Widths [212 230 337 497 513 792 605 188 284 284 415 596 207 307 207 343 513 513 513 513 513 513 513 513 513 513 207 207 596 596 596 406 737 612 542 580 666 492 487 646 652 239 370 542 472 804 658 689 532 689 538 493 497 647 558 846 571 541 553 284 346 284 596 500 300 482 569 448 564 501 292 559 555 234 243 469 234 834 555 549 569 563 327 396 331 551 481 736 463 471 428 284 239 284 596 282 282 282 207 513 356 1000 500 500 300 1156 493 255 894 282 282 282 282 207 207 354 354 282 500 1000 300 802 396 255 863 282 282 541 212 230 513 513 513 513 239 519 300 677 346 419 596 307 510 300 318 596 351 340 300 551 512 207 300 319 355 419 759 759 759 406 612 612 612 612 612 612 788 585 492 492 492 492 239 239 239 239 671 658 689 689 689 689 689 596 689 647 647 647 647 541 531 548 482 482 482 482 482 482 773 447 501 501 501 501 234 234 234 234 541 555 549 549 549 549 549 596 549 551 551 551 551 471 569 471] /Subtype /Type1 /BaseFont /GNBDLG+Myriad-Roman /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /LastChar 255 /FirstChar 32 /FontDescriptor 14 0 R >> endobj 12 0 obj [/PDF /Text] endobj 13 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Flags 16416 /StemH 112 /StemV 152 /Ascent 710 /Descent -198 /Leading 101 /XHeight 489 /AvgWidth 519 /FontBBox [-39 -250 1256 851] /FontName /FNBDLG+Myriad-Bold /MaxWidth 1285 /CapHeight 674 /FontFile3 15 0 R /ItalicAngle 0 /MissingWidth 338 >> endobj 14 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Flags 32 /StemH 67 /StemV 88 /Ascent 710 /Descent -198 /Leading 81 /XHeight 484 /AvgWidth 483 /FontBBox [-46 -250 1126 831] /FontName /GNBDLG+Myriad-Roman /MaxWidth 1156 /CapHeight 674 /FontFile3 16 0 R /ItalicAngle 0 /MissingWidth 282 >> endobj 15 0 obj << /Filter [/FlateDecode] /Length 1789 /Subtype /Type1C >> stream H}TkTg! Ti8љ\#ؔeWW.EWA*)!@\$AM tm!bD@@\A U*SOw몧na=gΙ|pL8NE ](SքiR?h[ĭp SP ovBp+DǻGõBZzW'{}hղ%|sTZ]V,PdYYX+_W ye'2ML)+)SJ]Ld_ө4|U#J+Pߌt@Ea/±` [aamða18 sœ0]]NS7-yp*XK7b !Ho᐀ P %`=RC.!@AP HYj\X^G64YTS|&ܯA+G+ I{'o3.=Ynw4-I8tқSyDBKSfldNԳ;3[#vFԕb^v2|`5 $gޥ!@<3 ovw]+>hUiL#0~ B{_ۭK&漵}ͦbFyrQS޼#p?r񎳙x%i: HsdDAv*X[g#iYwZu6C~A88֑g/>qK!z4̽aP\: J@Slk?}emMcD(1bM]w3u$UZOJqxDJ!% &ːK5yg[;큵<$mU3wib=p1k3v?䂼PSP\t_҃Rr/AnjveuZ_}?zhcr3"$ MFs"-{?!+ q;-28?K_Rxy)*i xf%;ү˛7RߎaMn/ًg!jrt5$5Tk170 g:'FKD͘eogI 딵 RL#\> s-iM^Avz49V.m5=wHt@4gsĚbw;y> stream H|UkPYN;  $H"8"T0@$A^&!:r3"8 |8: aXQ!ѝәJͯں]oS;_sqpbu,J0'2-ENX NS ։CNŰJb<8Lz0E#pRt.BR+*>)[h)٪4uzZU$d˒enid BcT\U)rYI"ϒqZP5gQj'eUUV+gcg ù=M0>&0)0f1Ö` !ha\1>&1f1#p o /W "#eb?ǯ 8jGR&`MM-mckqƕ{ljˮ~v3/B/[x{/AG6hM-5RoւV!ұ 0{ *hz4$Bb3†:iá2F. t(r@׆tK DoD0%NGt@T 8ea6`G+N֟T)Ċ3P~\v t,ҥ |},;d!%3G8hF ?_#a*8 x$%bnV?5t[2Zh!rgVQ\ ?tBB =Y5,x֝jך%wAmBmMCQч&RҊ`7_0)YDF0k W $$X<?##粮O2 .l--.?lT*z{q>!XF%WIn x,򑄭+/Ig2S3%0 =DW31%ov0CBYI &q#/'jU꭛4AM`J~-"؛nP&`PI1WOCAI %9BlB^SJHw8?p(h=IsvCh>+4mR#SwV75U^n̸[S) ݳ[ EІ' $[|b2 ~%z?awҼdM!V{F3^`le>J~ [puuS̏mT)t䂔H .":JJjaGfW ZhڌC G9299]Џ,V/T먮:W0c>V/p瘱osCTG/lE)T:A.'F8t0;#K9{RBoq^rdͨ}A Cxua%BQfYVseM{A8Qps!UjYCN3#'+sAD#(7}b@A J~o~W\] IABIsM~g>zqx0b= _4ai("'$CIhLDR` 4 _ |3LƝfs\鄃FWܳr<) qq;U.űCQ?B]X*~ >x My< 0i2UDI[`v ;Z?^UHB5 |mss o\mȭ{Ҝe׈1TLVې7l50G킗 =WC5YѸB&A50oidtkIMo(-SV g(.QJ3`XZCvKbajÖu&&_MWq/>=pTvn6fҬ5MuU c%u;b3:^HtUQ/F+^v3Id,ht.N9}{rblly)=DLoɿR;ͭ$^艖(X6E);nP:;(u:I 'gt~c'͔J tՄ1qy%y|`ԶR7NbбwfC`x2%Nۓg. grT!>#uѺ#$v'=BQg-z'+qΓvhg]5I4g%ȼh'Kݍ =B6h||kkĠgh3`.{7O^>]e)Õ}J;Y,ujqwB갨gKU9/pKyZi$1W90[wDVӢhYz67,f*v֋?|Z:DuHjW1̕[Q;c6Nu̷y<?âp yڐȊx:씢9vɱ9 u%X0 y+r ͎DL(A-mJ K:6r ˇ}ܬL:5"n{,!9NUTTPTkmo^f3PmqxV)-ʓଈ V G AV_\G0[ߢ'X0@|!aa7,hx}m}퀻=Chkl endstream endobj xref 0 17 0000000000 65535 f 0000000015 00000 n 0000000416 00000 n 0000000518 00000 n 0000000599 00000 n 0000003841 00000 n 0000003995 00000 n 0000004068 00000 n 0000004214 00000 n 0000005020 00000 n 0000011078 00000 n 0000012155 00000 n 0000013233 00000 n 0000013262 00000 n 0000013548 00000 n 0000013829 00000 n 0000015711 00000 n trailer << /ID [<668155AC026EFCC9E9DB08CF9A8E5BA0> <668155AC026EFCC9E9DB08CF9A8E5BA0>] /Info 1 0 R /Root 2 0 R /Size 17 >> startxref 19421 %%EOF