Similar to West Coast
(1) Great distance from shore
(2) Great depth
Sandstorm blocks -
Fossils labeled @ (100,000,000 cetaceans) form on type of upper artic (10,000
years old)
(1) Hudson River Canyon
(2) 4,000 feet elevation
(3) Gravel, shell, clay
(4) Trench across valley
(5) 180 miles long
Submarine Mountain Range
Continental Drift + Gonwondedland Theories
Mid-Atlantic Mountain Ridge
East of Greenland to Azores
(10-12,000 miles long)
Some volcano peaks reach above surface
St. Paul's Rock
Asunicion Island
St. Helena's Island
Continuous thru South Atlantic and around Cope into Indian Ocean and South
Africa graben & around Cape into Pacific
Chile and California
Lost under California
Marine Deposition
Sandstone - visible to naked eye (1/16 to 2 mm) land or sea origin
Sheet sands - scores to hundreds of miles/ marine or limestone sheet sands on
Cape Cod deposited by currents
Oil rich sandstone Stringers elongated lenses (oil wealth of world)
Deep Sea Sand: sand behavior salt suggests quiet water
Graduated bedding coarse to finer
Shale - laminated mudstone (silk and clay)
Siltstone - silt sized particles
Clay stone- clay size particles
Shale stone appears to be formed in shallow ?0 on central shelf
Shelf mud deposits: mud turns to shale little stratified
Lagoonal Muds: Barrier Islands -look for oil - glauconite
CaCo3 - oolites
Gypsum - salt deposits
Dillie Margin Muds: from non-alterations of shake - mud-storms, sandstorms
Black Shake: fossil contents no 02
Deep Basin Muds: California /foraminiferous
Limestone: 50 calcite = dolomite
Chalk: fine grain, poor consolilution (lime)
Mare: highly consolidated (Clay)
Reef Limestone: (petroleum source)
Conglomerates: not to broad in are probably caused by ice (ect)
Deposition Relative to Land Proximity
(1)Neretic: land deposition in sea
(a) Sand: calcarenite - shelf
(b) Clay: from a glacier to a lagoon
(2) Hemi pelgir: Rock floor off of river mouth - more organic as you go deeper
Calcareous ooze: most abundant in ablantu
(a) globergerina
(b) pteroport
(c) siliceous
Beaches: to furthest point sand is transported by waves -bounded by dunes and
cliffs
Backshore: Slopes to land
Foreshore: slope to sea
Offshore: always under H20
Hook: sand spit curved
Spit: parallel sand deportation connected to land
Rill: H20 masses in sand
Ripple masses: look like wall on sand
New England Beaches
(1) Rocky
(2) Sandy: (Cape & South) (New Hampshire & North)
(1) Rocky Beach: little sand boulders & pebbles - precipitation shores
Cape Cod: Result of Glaciations
10,000 years ago
Clay, silt, & gravel
Thru bodies of H20
(1) Atlantic Ocean: cold H20 - 6 Vi foot tide -rapid erosion - three feet per year
erosion
(2) Cape Cod Bay: warm H20 - 9-10 feet tide - deposition - wide beach
(Brewster) salt mountains
(3) National Sound: warmest H20 - 2-4 feet tide - growth slope no dunes
If not beach it is because:
(1) Either precipitation
(2) Too flat
Shore Composition Factors
(1) Soil
(2) Climate
(3) Marine environment