1. Highest specific heat of all liquids except ammonia (store house of heat)
2. Temperature ranges if sea is much less than land
Sea: 29 F to 80 F (usual range)
Land: -60 to - 70 to 120 F Ranges
Sea: (IF day might temperature difference)
Freezing Point - not definite
-4 C usually will freeze or 28.4 degrees F
Depends upon salinity & pressure
Role of Rock salt on winter salt
Reversing thermometer -
Negetti + Zanbra (Br) 1874: Allows for temperature at different depths
Rechtor (German)
(Mercury readout)
Must be protected against pressure: Deformation
Thermograph (fixed) vs. Bathy Thermograph
Bathy thermograph (toward): towed - glass plate - torpedo shaped
Viscosity: ability to flow - Stokes Law - medium, shape, density of sea water, gravity
Sea H2O greater than the fresh H2O
Eddy vs. laminar flow
Density - eggs float in ocean very few sink or attach to rock
Rate of Sinking inversely proportioned to viscosity but directly proportion to specific
gravity of body & medium (Stokes law)
Sampling & Analysis:
1. H20 Bottle - series in line trip & fill by weight stoppered - Van Dom & Nansen
Bottle
2. Titration: sample & scale on a bottle for farther use - Silver Nitrate reaction
3. Test salinity by density a conductivity or refraction index - Sigmat - Temperature
sensitive
Composition of Sea H20 Xtra with AgNOs
K chromate indicator
Salinity as function of chlorinity
(g per Kg)
(X 1.805 + add 0.03)
Density - mass per unit volume
(g per cc @ 4 C)
If reference to distilled H2O @ 4 C
Specific gravity