Tectonic Forms
Scarp- Steep or abrupt slope on cliff
Fault scope (25 - 40) earth earthquake displacement
En Echelon - broken scarp - uplift
Bottle necked wine glass
Thrust fault - new mt. range
Obsequent - scarp opposed
Upthrust & high side
Resequent slip fault - movement
Parallel to strike - ridges in echelon
Transform fault - side to side
Fault block mts.
East Africa - Oldvai Gorge
Rift Valley - Rhine, Rio Grande, Lake Baikal
Folding
Domes - Shallow ice,salt, molten ice
Salt dome - 400 Gulf of Mexico
Igneous Domes -400 Gulf of Mexico
Volcanic & Plate Tectonic – 62% m Pacific, 22% Indonesia
(sub area broad regions) 10 m Atlantic Ocean Area
Gas - exhalative - Mud volcano - Iwo Jima, Sulfur Is
Lava- effusive - Si02 - aha - block laval (VEI - volcanic explosive)
All ejecta from volcano - tephra - explosive, bombs, blocks, lapilli.
Hydro-volcanic - geyser, hot springs, fumarole
Mud volcanos - travertine. Lake Nyos - Co2
Nuee ardentee - hot gas cloud/flow
Lahar - volcanic mud flow
Basalt Flows - Basic movement over ground
Domes - built in flat areas - successive flow
Shield Volcano - scaled up, flank eruptors caldera, crater, crater lake
(maar - shallow lake)
Caldera Lake Titicaca
Fissure eruptions - No central vent
Composite or strata-volcano - tephra and lava
Plug dome vs. neck
Coulee - hill or low mt. h2o runoff cuts gully or intermittent stream bed.
Ignimbrite or welding tuft - fused ejecta of porous rock