Point of departure is the molten earth (spherical) & Soliquous state (plastic) 4th state of
matter.
(1) Baked applied theory: Contracting Earth hot to cool - skin contracts and breaks
forming uplift & depression (Mountains & Valleys)
(2) Earth Cool & Gets Hotter: heat causes plateaus to up thrust "thickest part of the
US under Black Hills of Dakotas & not under the Rocky Mountains
(3) Expanding Earth: more heat and less gravity pull - tension causes breaks and the
more heat equals more splits
(4) Convection Current: Bottom of the mantle more pliable and hotter than upper
Regions = heat sources is radio active (4 cells 2N + 2S Hemisphere Heat flows to
the surface - cooler under the continents than under the oceans (MOHO
concepts))
MOHO mantle and crust:
Mid Atlantic Ridge (12.000 feet High)
High use thru Mono: Surface
Crumbles: new outer layer
Skin and Valley: High points from ridges & rises
1/50 inch per year movement. This movement can explain the continental drift a
Gondwanaland Hypothesis of One continent.
The Pacific Basin is getting smaller if Atlantic pulling apart coastal mountains crumbling
in California.
(Steep planes on sub cause this)
Hot Spots (1) Easter Islands reef (1200 miles in diameter)
(2) Hawaii Islands
Magnetic orientation of geo surfaces Paufer shows 700-mile slippage in the zones of the
Pacific.
Sema (Silicon & Plastic) in motion
A Geological View of Cape Cod
National History Press
Gande City
New York
Musem of National History
1966
Arthur N.Stackler
Depth of H20 Ocean Basin is dependent upon:
(1) Druonal tidal waves fluctuation (see later)
(2) Glacial conditions (4 gradual ice ages) (11/2 million years ago)
Wisconsin glacier ?0 level 330 feet in North East according to CH dating of paliobotany
fossils - increase in H2O level at 40 feet per 100 years. Sea level utilized in approximately
850 years.
The question is are we at the end of one ice age or the beginning of another
If icecaps melts then increase in sea level of 300 feet (Iceland & Greenland) added
weight causes ocean basin to sink and land to rise if Antarctica melted add 400 feet 300 +
400 feet = 700 feet increases in sea level
Continental Shelf:
Sediment Rock
(1) Geology
(2) Navigation Problems/Aids
(3) Fishing AreasIn 1946 US took over mineral rights to continental shelf
Defined as shallow H2O out to 100 fathoms wave (approximately 200 miles) 600 feet
In 1953 International Committee on nomendature of Ocean Bottoms defined shelf as
"zone around continents extending from low ?0 line to a depth at which there is a
marked increase of slope to grater depth"
(Slope = Continual slope)
UNESCO suggests 600 or 200 fathoms